USOS DE LO ENCICLOPÉDICO EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA IDENTIDAD NACIONAL: EL ANTEPROYECTO DE LA ENCICLOPÉDIA BRASILEIRA DE MÁRIO DE ANDRADE Y LA ENCICLOPEDIA CHILENA

The article compares use of the encyclopedic by the state for the construction of national identity in Chile and Brazil based on the cases of the preliminary draft of the Enciclopédia Brasileira prepared by Mário de Andrade in 1939 and a Prospectus prepared in 1965 for the Enciclopedia Chilena. While Mário de Andrade’s preliminary draft is characterized by the integration of Brazilian inequality and social diversity in the very design of the structure and content of the encyclopedia, in the case of the Enciclopedia Chilena we observe a representation of the national at the service of an elite in charge of making decisions for the development of the country. The figure of the reader appears as a crucial element to respond to the critical diagnosis of national reality, and to articulate print culture, national identity and development projects.