TY - JOUR
T1 - Study of precipitation hardening in lead calcium tin anodes for copper electrowinning
AU - Camurri, C.
AU - Carrasco, C.
AU - Prat, O.
AU - Mangalaraja, R.
AU - Pagliero, A.
AU - Colàs, R.
PY - 2010/2/1
Y1 - 2010/2/1
N2 - A suitable yield stress for Pb anodes with 0•07%Ca and 1•3%Sn of 6 mm thickness for copper electrowinning is achieved by means of deformation and precipitation hardening processes, their useful life being dependent on this yield stress. The objective of the present work was to optimise the precipitation hardening, by finding the best cooling conditions for the anodes in the moulds and the optimum hot rolling temperature. The results show that increasing the cooling rate of ingots beyond the rate of natural cooling enhances the precipitation hardening. At least 45 days of aging are necessary to reach stable conditions for the precipitation hardening, with precipitates formation as CaSn3. The hot rolling temperature does not have a significant effect on the precipitation hardening of the anodes.
AB - A suitable yield stress for Pb anodes with 0•07%Ca and 1•3%Sn of 6 mm thickness for copper electrowinning is achieved by means of deformation and precipitation hardening processes, their useful life being dependent on this yield stress. The objective of the present work was to optimise the precipitation hardening, by finding the best cooling conditions for the anodes in the moulds and the optimum hot rolling temperature. The results show that increasing the cooling rate of ingots beyond the rate of natural cooling enhances the precipitation hardening. At least 45 days of aging are necessary to reach stable conditions for the precipitation hardening, with precipitates formation as CaSn3. The hot rolling temperature does not have a significant effect on the precipitation hardening of the anodes.
KW - Lead base anodes
KW - Precipitation and deformation hardening
KW - Yield stress
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77149138324&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1179/174328409X443245
DO - 10.1179/174328409X443245
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77149138324
VL - 26
SP - 210
EP - 214
JO - Materials Science and Technology
JF - Materials Science and Technology
SN - 0267-0836
IS - 2
ER -