Planet–disk interaction and evolution

Following the groundbreaking discovery of the first extrasolar planet orbiting a sun-like star, 51 Pegasi b in 1995, the field of planet formation has become a cornerstone of modern astrophysics. This is in part due to the revelation of an astonishing diversity of planetary types and architectures, inferred from detailed astronomical observations. This diversity is driven by the interplay between the physical processes governing planet assembly and the environmental conditions within the protoplanetary disk in which they form. This chapter provides an introduction to the specific mechanisms that can induce orbital variations in nascent planetary bodies during their formation and evolution.