Introduction to non-destructive material characterizations

This chapter introduced non-destructive material characterizations which could be used in the future study for young scientists and engineers. The existing methods were categorized based on the most common classifications that is Visual, Radiographic, Acoustic, and Vibrational and Electromagnetic Methods. Despite having their early applications in the medical industry, conventionally called non-destructive testings (NDTs) have been a key player in improving the characterization of materials as well as in maintenance and process improvement in heavy industries such as aerospace, archeology, mining, metallurgy, and petroleum. The increase in demand for non-destructive processes makes NDT an ideal solution for material characterization and analyses. This chapter briefly summarized the conventional and nonconventional NDTs that lead to the main contents of the book in the following chapters.