@article{3b29ee7d47074e6fb84d4f690e70e82f,
title = "Summary of workshop large outdoor fires and the built environment",
abstract = "Large outdoor fires present a risk to the built environment. Wildfires that spread into communities, referred to as Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fires, have destroyed communities throughout the world, and are an emerging problem in fire safety science. Other examples are large urban fires including those that have occurred after earthquakes. Research into large outdoor fires, and how to potentially mitigate the loss of structures in such fires, lags other areas of fire safety science research. At the same time, common characteristics between fire spread in WUI fires and urban fires have not been fully exploited. In this paper, an overview of the large outdoor fire risk to the built environment from each region is presented. Critical research needs for this problem in the context of fire safety science are provided. The present paper seeks to develop the foundation for an international research needs roadmap to reduce the risk of large outdoor fires to the built environment.",
author = "Manzello, {Samuel L.} and Raphaele Blanchi and Gollner, {Michael J.} and Daniel Gorham and Sara McAllister and Elsa Pastor and Eul{\`a}lia Planas and Pedro Reszka and Sayaka Suzuki",
note = "Funding Information: In both the United States and Canada, research into wildland and WUI fires is very broad and diverse, involving many entities including governments, universities, private companies and consultants. The US and Canadian government agencies often act as both researchers and as funding sources. In the US, these agencies include the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), US Forest Service (USFS), Department of Interior, Department of Homeland Security, US Geological Survey (USGS), National Park Service (NPS), Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Desert Research Institute (DRI), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). In Canada, these agencies include National Resources, Canada and the Canadian Forest Service. Research in Mexico seems to largely take place at universities and by outside government agencies and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs). To put some perspective on the how active wildland and WUI fire research is, the Joint Fire Science Program (jointly funded by the Department of the Interior and the USFS) lists approximately 150 actively funded research projects in 2017. Needless to say, a comprehensive listing of ongoing research in North America is not attempted here. In general, however, common research areas include experimental fundamental fire behavior, fire behavior model development and validation, fuels management effectiveness, fire fighter safety, risk, economics, emissions, remote sensing (pre- and post-burn fuels measurements, active fire behavior), human behavior and social science, and ecology (post-fire effects, mortality, seasonality, climate change, and resilience). It is very important to point out that few studies in the US have focused on WUI fires from a fire safety science view point. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018",
year = "2018",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1016/j.firesaf.2018.07.002",
language = "English",
volume = "100",
pages = "76--92",
journal = "Fire Safety Journal",
issn = "0379-7112",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",
}