Study of precipitation hardening in lead calcium tin anodes for copper electrowinning

C. Camurri, C. Carrasco, O. Prat, R. Mangalaraja, A. Pagliero, R. Colàs

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

A suitable yield stress for Pb anodes with 0•07%Ca and 1•3%Sn of 6 mm thickness for copper electrowinning is achieved by means of deformation and precipitation hardening processes, their useful life being dependent on this yield stress. The objective of the present work was to optimise the precipitation hardening, by finding the best cooling conditions for the anodes in the moulds and the optimum hot rolling temperature. The results show that increasing the cooling rate of ingots beyond the rate of natural cooling enhances the precipitation hardening. At least 45 days of aging are necessary to reach stable conditions for the precipitation hardening, with precipitates formation as CaSn3. The hot rolling temperature does not have a significant effect on the precipitation hardening of the anodes.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)210-214
Number of pages5
JournalMaterials Science and Technology
Volume26
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Feb 2010
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Lead base anodes
  • Precipitation and deformation hardening
  • Yield stress

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