@article{be0602a367824f5997dde84a7686ff7c,
title = "School schedules and mothers{\textquoteright} employment: evidence from an education reform",
abstract = "Women{\textquoteright}s employment plays an important role in household well-being, and among mothers, lack of child care is one of the main reasons for not working and not seeking employment. We investigate the effect of a reform that lengthened school schedules from half to full days in Chile—providing childcare for school aged children—on different maternal employment outcomes. Using a panel of 2814 mothers over a 7-year period, we find evidence of important positive causal effects of access to full-day schools on mother{\textquoteright}s labor force participation, employment, weekly hours worked, and months worked during the year. We also find that lower-education and married mothers benefit most from the policy. Findings suggest that alleviating childcare needs can promote women{\textquoteright}s attachment to the labor force, increase household incomes and alleviate poverty and inequality.",
keywords = "Chile, Education reform, Female employment and labor force participation, Full day schooling, Latin America, School schedules",
author = "Matias Berthelon and Diana Kruger and Melanie Oyarz{\'u}n",
note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank seminar participants at the University of Chile, Catholic University of Chile, Oregon State University, University of Maryland, the Northwest Development Workshop, the Inter American Development Bank, and Universidad Adolfo Ib{\'a}{\~n}ez. We also thank an anonymous referee for comments and suggestions. Berthelon and Kruger received financial support from Chile{\textquoteright}s National Committee of Scientific and Technological Research (Comisi{\'o}n Nacional de Investigaci{\'o}n Cient{\'i}fica y Tecnol{\'o}gica, CONICYT), through FONDECYT Project No. 1120882. Berthelon and Kruger would like to thank funding provided by the Center for Studies of Conflict and Social Cohesion (ANID/FONDAP/15130009). The authors thank the Sub-Secretariat of Social Provision for granting permission for the use of Chile{\textquoteright}s Social Protection Surveys. All results, errors and omissions are sole responsibility of the authors. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank seminar participants at the University of Chile, Catholic University of Chile, Oregon State University, University of Maryland, the Northwest Development Workshop, the Inter American Development Bank, and Universidad Adolfo Ib{\'a}{\~n}ez. We also thank an anonymous referee for comments and suggestions. Berthelon and Kruger received financial support from Chile{\textquoteright}s National Committee of Scientific and Technological Research (Comisi{\'o}n Nacional de Investigaci{\'o}n Cient{\'i}fica y Tecnol{\'o}gica, CONICYT), through FONDECYT Project No. 1120882. Berthelon and Kruger would like to thank funding provided by the Center for Studies of Conflict and Social Cohesion (ANID/FONDAP/15130009). The authors thank the Sub-Secretariat of Social Provision for granting permission for the use of Chile{\textquoteright}s Social Protection Surveys. All results, errors and omissions are sole responsibility of the authors. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2023",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1007/s11150-022-09599-6",
language = "English",
volume = "21",
pages = "131--171",
journal = "Review of Economics of the Household",
issn = "1569-5239",
publisher = "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
number = "1",
}