Perceptions of health care perceptions regarding trust in medical artificial intelligence in Spain

This study examines the perceptions of healthcare professionals in Spain regarding trust in artificial intelligence, based on four clinical scenarios and considering technological familiarity, medical specialty, and age. From October to November 2024, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 165 professionals and students in the healthcare sector. The clinical scenarios described situations involving artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic support; trust was measured using Likert scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential techniques in an open-source statistical environment. Familiarity was directly associated with trust; younger participants and physicians showed greater acceptance than other groups. Most participants reported low to moderate familiarity with artificial intelligence. The successful integration of artificial intelligence into the Spanish healthcare system requires targeted training by specialty and clear regulation, with increased technological familiarity being essential to foster trust.