Optimized Backward Pumping Design for a 6-Mode Distributed Raman Amplifier for SDM Systems

Astrid Lozada; Ricardo Olivares; Barbara Dumas Feris; Ariel Leiva; Gabriel Saavedra; Nicolas Jara; Patricia Morales; Danilo Borquez-Paredes

doi:10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3588148

Optimized Backward Pumping Design for a 6-Mode Distributed Raman Amplifier for SDM Systems

Astrid Lozada
, Ricardo Olivares
, Barbara Dumas Feris
, Ariel Leiva
, Gabriel Saavedra
, Nicolas Jara
, Patricia Morales
, Danilo Borquez-Paredes

Faculty of Engineering and Science

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present the first optimized design and characterization of a six-mode distributed Raman amplifier (6M-DRA) for next-generation optical communication systems using space-division multiplexing (SDM) based on few-mode fibers (FMF). A genetic algorithm optimizes the pumping profile to minimize gain ripple and differential modal gain (DMG). Numerical results show an average on-off gain of 9.5 dB over 70 km, gain ripple below 1 dB, DMG under 2.10 dB, effective noise figure under 1.42 dB, optical signal-to-noise ratio larger than 29.5 dB, and pump efficiency of 9.30 dB/W, demonstrating its potential as an effective amplification solution for future SDM-FMF optical networks.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2138-2142
Number of pages	5
Journal	IEEE Communications Letters
Volume	29
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3588148
State	Published - 2025

Keywords

Distributed Raman amplification
SDM
few-mode fiber

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10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3588148

Cite this

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title = "Optimized Backward Pumping Design for a 6-Mode Distributed Raman Amplifier for SDM Systems",

abstract = "We present the first optimized design and characterization of a six-mode distributed Raman amplifier (6M-DRA) for next-generation optical communication systems using space-division multiplexing (SDM) based on few-mode fibers (FMF). A genetic algorithm optimizes the pumping profile to minimize gain ripple and differential modal gain (DMG). Numerical results show an average on-off gain of 9.5 dB over 70 km, gain ripple below 1 dB, DMG under 2.10 dB, effective noise figure under 1.42 dB, optical signal-to-noise ratio larger than 29.5 dB, and pump efficiency of 9.30 dB/W, demonstrating its potential as an effective amplification solution for future SDM-FMF optical networks.",

keywords = "Distributed Raman amplification, SDM, few-mode fiber",

author = "Astrid Lozada and Ricardo Olivares and \{Dumas Feris\}, Barbara and Ariel Leiva and Gabriel Saavedra and Nicolas Jara and Patricia Morales and Danilo Borquez-Paredes",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 1997-2012 IEEE.",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3588148",

language = "English",

volume = "29",

pages = "2138--2142",

journal = "IEEE Communications Letters",

issn = "1089-7798",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Optimized Backward Pumping Design for a 6-Mode Distributed Raman Amplifier for SDM Systems

AU - Lozada, Astrid

AU - Olivares, Ricardo

AU - Dumas Feris, Barbara

AU - Leiva, Ariel

AU - Saavedra, Gabriel

AU - Jara, Nicolas

AU - Morales, Patricia

AU - Borquez-Paredes, Danilo

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - We present the first optimized design and characterization of a six-mode distributed Raman amplifier (6M-DRA) for next-generation optical communication systems using space-division multiplexing (SDM) based on few-mode fibers (FMF). A genetic algorithm optimizes the pumping profile to minimize gain ripple and differential modal gain (DMG). Numerical results show an average on-off gain of 9.5 dB over 70 km, gain ripple below 1 dB, DMG under 2.10 dB, effective noise figure under 1.42 dB, optical signal-to-noise ratio larger than 29.5 dB, and pump efficiency of 9.30 dB/W, demonstrating its potential as an effective amplification solution for future SDM-FMF optical networks.

AB - We present the first optimized design and characterization of a six-mode distributed Raman amplifier (6M-DRA) for next-generation optical communication systems using space-division multiplexing (SDM) based on few-mode fibers (FMF). A genetic algorithm optimizes the pumping profile to minimize gain ripple and differential modal gain (DMG). Numerical results show an average on-off gain of 9.5 dB over 70 km, gain ripple below 1 dB, DMG under 2.10 dB, effective noise figure under 1.42 dB, optical signal-to-noise ratio larger than 29.5 dB, and pump efficiency of 9.30 dB/W, demonstrating its potential as an effective amplification solution for future SDM-FMF optical networks.

KW - Distributed Raman amplification

KW - SDM

KW - few-mode fiber

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105010699928

U2 - 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3588148

DO - 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3588148

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105010699928

SN - 1089-7798

VL - 29

SP - 2138

EP - 2142

JO - IEEE Communications Letters

JF - IEEE Communications Letters

IS - 9

ER -

Optimized Backward Pumping Design for a 6-Mode Distributed Raman Amplifier for SDM Systems

Abstract

Keywords

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