Informational content of cosine and other similarities calculated from high-dimensional Conceptual Property Norm data

Enrique Canessa, Sergio E. Chaigneau, Sebastián Moreno, Rodrigo Lagos

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

To study concepts that are coded in language, researchers often collect lists of conceptual properties produced by human subjects. From these data, different measures can be computed. In particular, inter-concept similarity is an important variable used in experimental studies. Among possible similarity measures, the cosine of conceptual property frequency vectors seems to be a de facto standard. However, there is a lack of comparative studies that test the merit of different similarity measures when computed from property frequency data. The current work compares four different similarity measures (cosine, correlation, Euclidean and Chebyshev) and five different types of data structures. To that end, we compared the informational content (i.e., entropy) delivered by each of those 4 × 5 = 20 combinations, and used a clustering procedure as a concrete example of how informational content affects statistical analyses. Our results lead us to conclude that similarity measures computed from lower-dimensional data fare better than those calculated from higher-dimensional data, and suggest that researchers should be more aware of data sparseness and dimensionality, and their consequences for statistical analyses.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)601-614
Number of pages14
JournalCognitive Processing
Volume21
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2020

Keywords

  • Chebyshev distance
  • Clustering
  • Conceptual properties
  • Cosine similarity
  • Euclidean distance

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