TY - JOUR
T1 - Highly sensitive and selective detection of glutathione using ultrasonic aided synthesis of graphene quantum dots embedded over amine-functionalized silica nanoparticles
AU - Kaimal, Reshma
AU - Vinoth, Victor
AU - Shrikrishna Salunke, Amol
AU - Valdés, Héctor
AU - Viswanathan Mangalaraja, Ramalinga
AU - Aljafari, Belqasem
AU - Anandan, Sambandam
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant antioxidant in the majority of cells and tissues; and its use as a biomarker has been known for decades. In this study, a facile electrochemical method was developed for glutathione sensing using voltammetry and amperometry analyses. In this study, a novel glassy carbon electrode composed of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) embedded on amine-functionalized silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) was synthesized. GQDs embedded on amine-functionalized SiNPs were physical-chemically characterized by different techniques that included high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. The newly developed electrode exhibits a good response to glutathione with a wide linear range (0.5–7 µM) and a low detection limit (0.5 µM) with high sensitivity(2.64 µA µM−1). The fabricated GQDs-SiNPs/GC electrode shows highly attractive electrocatalytic activity towards glutathione detection in the neutral media at low potential due to a synergistic surface effect caused by the incorporation of GQDs over SiNPs. It leads to higher surface area and conductivity, improving electron transfer and promoting redox reactions. Besides, it provides outstanding selectivity, reproducibility, long-term stability, and can be used in the presence of interferences typically found in real sample analysis.
AB - Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant antioxidant in the majority of cells and tissues; and its use as a biomarker has been known for decades. In this study, a facile electrochemical method was developed for glutathione sensing using voltammetry and amperometry analyses. In this study, a novel glassy carbon electrode composed of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) embedded on amine-functionalized silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) was synthesized. GQDs embedded on amine-functionalized SiNPs were physical-chemically characterized by different techniques that included high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. The newly developed electrode exhibits a good response to glutathione with a wide linear range (0.5–7 µM) and a low detection limit (0.5 µM) with high sensitivity(2.64 µA µM−1). The fabricated GQDs-SiNPs/GC electrode shows highly attractive electrocatalytic activity towards glutathione detection in the neutral media at low potential due to a synergistic surface effect caused by the incorporation of GQDs over SiNPs. It leads to higher surface area and conductivity, improving electron transfer and promoting redox reactions. Besides, it provides outstanding selectivity, reproducibility, long-term stability, and can be used in the presence of interferences typically found in real sample analysis.
KW - Amperometry
KW - Cyclic voltammetry
KW - Glutathione
KW - Graphene quantum dots
KW - Silica nanoparticles
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85120996222&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105868
DO - 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105868
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34902816
AN - SCOPUS:85120996222
SN - 1350-4177
VL - 82
JO - Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
JF - Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
M1 - 105868
ER -