TY - JOUR
T1 - Exposure to cadmium and its impacts on human health
T2 - A short review
AU - Rasin, Puthiyavalappil
AU - V, Ashwathi A.
AU - Basheer, Sabeel M.
AU - Haribabu, Jebiti
AU - Santibanez, Juan F.
AU - Garrote, Claudio Allard
AU - Arulraj, Arunachalam
AU - Mangalaraja, Ramalinga Viswanathan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author(s)
PY - 2025/2
Y1 - 2025/2
N2 - One of the most harmful heavy metals that is commonly found in water, air, soil, and sediments is cadmium (Cd). Humans are most exposed to cadmium through inhalation, cigarette smoking, and consumption of contaminated food and water. It shows a half-life of around 25 to 30 years in plants and mammals. Epidemiological evidence suggests a link between cadmium exposure and several cancers: breast, lung, prostate, nasopharynx, pancreas, kidney, etc. Thus, this type of article is necessary to raise awareness in society and help individuals manage heavy metal ion toxicity. With an emphasis on the organs most impacted, the mechanisms of toxicity, and the long-term effects of exposure, this article aims to present a thorough analysis of the effects of cadmium exposure on human health. It also identifies the gaps in the existing literature and makes recommendations for future research areas to fully comprehend the effects of cadmium and create efficient mitigation and prevention plans.
AB - One of the most harmful heavy metals that is commonly found in water, air, soil, and sediments is cadmium (Cd). Humans are most exposed to cadmium through inhalation, cigarette smoking, and consumption of contaminated food and water. It shows a half-life of around 25 to 30 years in plants and mammals. Epidemiological evidence suggests a link between cadmium exposure and several cancers: breast, lung, prostate, nasopharynx, pancreas, kidney, etc. Thus, this type of article is necessary to raise awareness in society and help individuals manage heavy metal ion toxicity. With an emphasis on the organs most impacted, the mechanisms of toxicity, and the long-term effects of exposure, this article aims to present a thorough analysis of the effects of cadmium exposure on human health. It also identifies the gaps in the existing literature and makes recommendations for future research areas to fully comprehend the effects of cadmium and create efficient mitigation and prevention plans.
KW - Brain, Lungs
KW - Cadmium
KW - Cardiac tissue
KW - Central nervous system
KW - Immune cells
KW - Itai-itai disease
KW - Metallothionein mRNA
KW - Mitochondrial dysfunction
KW - Renal tubular dysfunction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85216210833&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100608
DO - 10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100608
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85216210833
SN - 2772-4166
VL - 17
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances
M1 - 100608
ER -
