Enhanced bio-electrokinetic remediation of cesium-contaminated soil through an optimized Cr(VI)-resistant alkalophilic bacterial degradation approach

This study demonstrated the promising potential of bio-electrokinetic remediation (BEK) as an innovative approach for treating cesium-contaminated soils. BEK could efficiently remove and degrade contaminants from the soil matrix by harnessing the degradative capabilities of alkalophilic Bacillus licheniformis SR3. The technique leveraged electrochemical reactions at the electrodes to supply crucial nutrients, oxygen, and electron donors/acceptors, thereby enhancing microbial activity and adjusting soil pH to optimize contaminant mobilization and bioavailability. The application of a 30 V voltage over 168 hours facilitated robust bacterial growth and achieved a remarkable cesium removal rate of 98 % in the treated soil. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy analysis confirmed the substantial correlation of essential concentrations before and after treatment in the soil, and in the catholyte samples, where Cs concentration indicated the effectiveness of BEK remediation. This study highlighted the potential of these chromium-resistant alkalophilic bacteria-enhanced electrokinetic remediation processes for cost-effective in-situ radioactive waste remediation.