Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994

Romy Rodríguez Martínez; Jason D. Eastman; Karen A. Collins; Joseph E. Rodriguez; David Charbonneau; Samuel N. Quinn; David W. Latham; Carl Ziegler; Rafael Brahm; Tyler R. Fairnington; SolÉne Ulmer-Moll; Keivan G. Stassun; Olga Suarez; Tristan Guillot; Melissa J. Hobson; Joshua N. Winn; Shubham Kanodia; Martin Schlecker; R. P. Butler; Jeffrey D. Crane; Steve Shectman; Johanna K. Teske; David Osip; Yuri Beletsky; Matthew P. Battley; Angelica Psaridi; Pedro Figueira; Monika Lendl; François Bouchy; Stéphane Udry; Michelle Kunimoto; Djamel Mékarnia; Lyu Abe; Trifon Trifonov; Marcelo Tala Pinto; Jan Eberhardt; Nestor Espinoza; Thomas Henning; Andrés Jordán; Felipe I. Rojas; Khalid Barkaoui; Howard M. Relles; Gregor Srdoc; Kevin I. Collins; Sara Seager; Avi Shporer; Michael Vezie; Christina Hedges; Ismael Mireles

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90

Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994

Romy Rodríguez Martínez, Jason D. Eastman, Karen A. Collins, Joseph E. Rodriguez, David Charbonneau, Samuel N. Quinn, David W. Latham, Carl Ziegler, Rafael Brahm, Tyler R. Fairnington, SolÉne Ulmer-Moll, Keivan G. Stassun, Olga Suarez, Tristan Guillot, Melissa J. Hobson, Joshua N. Winn, Shubham Kanodia, Martin Schlecker, R. P. Butler, Jeffrey D. CraneSteve Shectman, Johanna K. Teske, David Osip, Yuri Beletsky, Matthew P. Battley, Angelica Psaridi, Pedro Figueira, Monika Lendl, François Bouchy, Stéphane Udry, Michelle Kunimoto, Djamel Mékarnia, Lyu Abe, Trifon Trifonov, Marcelo Tala Pinto, Jan Eberhardt, Nestor Espinoza, Thomas Henning, Andrés Jordán, Felipe I. Rojas, Khalid Barkaoui, Howard M. Relles, Gregor Srdoc, Kevin I. Collins, Sara Seager, Avi Shporer, Michael Vezie, Christina Hedges, Ismael Mireles

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

We present the detection and characterization of TOI-4994b (TIC 277128619b), a warm Saturn-sized planet discovered by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-4994b transits a G-type star (V = 12.6 mag) with a mass, radius, and effective temperature of M ⋆ = 1.00 5 − 0.061 + 0.064 M ⊙ , R ⋆ = 1.05 5 − 0.037 + 0.040 R ⊙ , and T_eff = 5640 ± 110 K. We obtained follow-up ground-based photometry from the Las Cumbres Observatory and the Antarctic Search for Transiting ExoPlanets telescopes, and we confirmed the planetary nature of TOI-4994b with multiple radial velocity observations from the Planet Finder Spectrograph, CHIRON, High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, Fiber-fed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph, and CORALIE instruments. From a global fit to the photometry and radial velocities, we determine that TOI-4994b is in a 21.5 day eccentric orbit (e = 0.32 ± 0.04) and has a mass of M P = 0.28 0 − 0.034 + 0.037 M J , a radius of R P = 0.76 2 − 0.027 + 0.030 R J , and a Saturn-like bulk density of ρ p = 0.7 8 − 0.14 + 0.16 g cm - 3 . We find that TOI-4994 is a potentially viable candidate for follow-up stellar obliquity measurements. TOI-4994b joins the small sample of warm Saturn analogs and thus sheds light on our understanding of these rare and unique worlds.

Original language	English
Article number	72
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	169
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90
State	Published - 3 Feb 2025
Externally published	Yes

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Rodríguez Martínez, R., Eastman, J. D., Collins, K. A., Rodriguez, J. E., Charbonneau, D., Quinn, S. N., Latham, D. W., Ziegler, C., Brahm, R., Fairnington, T. R., Ulmer-Moll, S., Stassun, K. G., Suarez, O., Guillot, T., Hobson, M. J., Winn, J. N., Kanodia, S., Schlecker, M., Butler, R. P., ... Mireles, I. (2025). Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994. Astronomical Journal, 169(2), Article 72. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90

@article{050dcbabe9ec48d1adbc3dd02eef2fe3,

title = "Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994",

abstract = "We present the detection and characterization of TOI-4994b (TIC 277128619b), a warm Saturn-sized planet discovered by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-4994b transits a G-type star (V = 12.6 mag) with a mass, radius, and effective temperature of M ⋆ = 1.00 5 − 0.061 + 0.064 M ⊙ , R ⋆ = 1.05 5 − 0.037 + 0.040 R ⊙ , and Teff = 5640 ± 110 K. We obtained follow-up ground-based photometry from the Las Cumbres Observatory and the Antarctic Search for Transiting ExoPlanets telescopes, and we confirmed the planetary nature of TOI-4994b with multiple radial velocity observations from the Planet Finder Spectrograph, CHIRON, High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, Fiber-fed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph, and CORALIE instruments. From a global fit to the photometry and radial velocities, we determine that TOI-4994b is in a 21.5 day eccentric orbit (e = 0.32 ± 0.04) and has a mass of M P = 0.28 0 − 0.034 + 0.037 M J , a radius of R P = 0.76 2 − 0.027 + 0.030 R J , and a Saturn-like bulk density of ρ p = 0.7 8 − 0.14 + 0.16 g cm - 3 . We find that TOI-4994 is a potentially viable candidate for follow-up stellar obliquity measurements. TOI-4994b joins the small sample of warm Saturn analogs and thus sheds light on our understanding of these rare and unique worlds.",

author = "{Rodr{\'i}guez Mart{\'i}nez}, Romy and Eastman, {Jason D.} and Collins, {Karen A.} and Rodriguez, {Joseph E.} and David Charbonneau and Quinn, {Samuel N.} and Latham, {David W.} and Carl Ziegler and Rafael Brahm and Fairnington, {Tyler R.} and Sol{\'E}ne Ulmer-Moll and Stassun, {Keivan G.} and Olga Suarez and Tristan Guillot and Hobson, {Melissa J.} and Winn, {Joshua N.} and Shubham Kanodia and Martin Schlecker and Butler, {R. P.} and Crane, {Jeffrey D.} and Steve Shectman and Teske, {Johanna K.} and David Osip and Yuri Beletsky and Battley, {Matthew P.} and Angelica Psaridi and Pedro Figueira and Monika Lendl and Fran{\c c}ois Bouchy and St{\'e}phane Udry and Michelle Kunimoto and Djamel M{\'e}karnia and Lyu Abe and Trifon Trifonov and Pinto, {Marcelo Tala} and Jan Eberhardt and Nestor Espinoza and Thomas Henning and Andr{\'e}s Jord{\'a}n and Rojas, {Felipe I.} and Khalid Barkaoui and Relles, {Howard M.} and Gregor Srdoc and Collins, {Kevin I.} and Sara Seager and Avi Shporer and Michael Vezie and Christina Hedges and Ismael Mireles",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2025",

month = feb,

day = "3",

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90",

language = "English",

volume = "169",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "2",

}

Rodríguez Martínez, R, Eastman, JD, Collins, KA, Rodriguez, JE, Charbonneau, D, Quinn, SN, Latham, DW, Ziegler, C, Brahm, R, Fairnington, TR, Ulmer-Moll, S, Stassun, KG, Suarez, O, Guillot, T, Hobson, MJ, Winn, JN, Kanodia, S, Schlecker, M, Butler, RP, Crane, JD, Shectman, S, Teske, JK, Osip, D, Beletsky, Y, Battley, MP, Psaridi, A, Figueira, P, Lendl, M, Bouchy, F, Udry, S, Kunimoto, M, Mékarnia, D, Abe, L, Trifonov, T, Pinto, MT, Eberhardt, J, Espinoza, N, Henning, T, Jordán, A, Rojas, FI, Barkaoui, K, Relles, HM, Srdoc, G, Collins, KI, Seager, S, Shporer, A, Vezie, M, Hedges, C & Mireles, I 2025, 'Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994', Astronomical Journal, vol. 169, no. 2, 72. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90

TY - JOUR

T1 - Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994

AU - Rodríguez Martínez, Romy

AU - Eastman, Jason D.

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Rodriguez, Joseph E.

AU - Charbonneau, David

AU - Quinn, Samuel N.

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Ziegler, Carl

AU - Brahm, Rafael

AU - Fairnington, Tyler R.

AU - Ulmer-Moll, SolÉne

AU - Stassun, Keivan G.

AU - Suarez, Olga

AU - Guillot, Tristan

AU - Hobson, Melissa J.

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

AU - Kanodia, Shubham

AU - Schlecker, Martin

AU - Butler, R. P.

AU - Crane, Jeffrey D.

AU - Shectman, Steve

AU - Teske, Johanna K.

AU - Osip, David

AU - Beletsky, Yuri

AU - Battley, Matthew P.

AU - Psaridi, Angelica

AU - Figueira, Pedro

AU - Lendl, Monika

AU - Bouchy, François

AU - Udry, Stéphane

AU - Kunimoto, Michelle

AU - Mékarnia, Djamel

AU - Abe, Lyu

AU - Trifonov, Trifon

AU - Pinto, Marcelo Tala

AU - Eberhardt, Jan

AU - Espinoza, Nestor

AU - Henning, Thomas

AU - Jordán, Andrés

AU - Rojas, Felipe I.

AU - Barkaoui, Khalid

AU - Relles, Howard M.

AU - Srdoc, Gregor

AU - Collins, Kevin I.

AU - Seager, Sara

AU - Shporer, Avi

AU - Vezie, Michael

AU - Hedges, Christina

AU - Mireles, Ismael

PY - 2025/2/3

Y1 - 2025/2/3

N2 - We present the detection and characterization of TOI-4994b (TIC 277128619b), a warm Saturn-sized planet discovered by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-4994b transits a G-type star (V = 12.6 mag) with a mass, radius, and effective temperature of M ⋆ = 1.00 5 − 0.061 + 0.064 M ⊙ , R ⋆ = 1.05 5 − 0.037 + 0.040 R ⊙ , and Teff = 5640 ± 110 K. We obtained follow-up ground-based photometry from the Las Cumbres Observatory and the Antarctic Search for Transiting ExoPlanets telescopes, and we confirmed the planetary nature of TOI-4994b with multiple radial velocity observations from the Planet Finder Spectrograph, CHIRON, High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, Fiber-fed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph, and CORALIE instruments. From a global fit to the photometry and radial velocities, we determine that TOI-4994b is in a 21.5 day eccentric orbit (e = 0.32 ± 0.04) and has a mass of M P = 0.28 0 − 0.034 + 0.037 M J , a radius of R P = 0.76 2 − 0.027 + 0.030 R J , and a Saturn-like bulk density of ρ p = 0.7 8 − 0.14 + 0.16 g cm - 3 . We find that TOI-4994 is a potentially viable candidate for follow-up stellar obliquity measurements. TOI-4994b joins the small sample of warm Saturn analogs and thus sheds light on our understanding of these rare and unique worlds.

AB - We present the detection and characterization of TOI-4994b (TIC 277128619b), a warm Saturn-sized planet discovered by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-4994b transits a G-type star (V = 12.6 mag) with a mass, radius, and effective temperature of M ⋆ = 1.00 5 − 0.061 + 0.064 M ⊙ , R ⋆ = 1.05 5 − 0.037 + 0.040 R ⊙ , and Teff = 5640 ± 110 K. We obtained follow-up ground-based photometry from the Las Cumbres Observatory and the Antarctic Search for Transiting ExoPlanets telescopes, and we confirmed the planetary nature of TOI-4994b with multiple radial velocity observations from the Planet Finder Spectrograph, CHIRON, High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, Fiber-fed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph, and CORALIE instruments. From a global fit to the photometry and radial velocities, we determine that TOI-4994b is in a 21.5 day eccentric orbit (e = 0.32 ± 0.04) and has a mass of M P = 0.28 0 − 0.034 + 0.037 M J , a radius of R P = 0.76 2 − 0.027 + 0.030 R J , and a Saturn-like bulk density of ρ p = 0.7 8 − 0.14 + 0.16 g cm - 3 . We find that TOI-4994 is a potentially viable candidate for follow-up stellar obliquity measurements. TOI-4994b joins the small sample of warm Saturn analogs and thus sheds light on our understanding of these rare and unique worlds.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85215411388&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85215411388

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 169

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 72

ER -

Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994

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