Copper-based metal-organic framework for environmental applications

Currently, several researchers are interested in developing newer types of materials that consist of a group of compounds such as cluster or metal ions, which are incorporated with organic ligands to produce one- (1D) or two- (2D), or three-dimensional (3D) structures such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The flexible bonds between inorganic and organic units produce MOFs that can easily tune porosity, chemical, and thermal stability. Moreover, an appropriate selection of components makes suitable materials for end applications. The structures, building units, and chemical composition shows the synergetic effects of MOFs. The intrinsic structure and uniform pores offer biomimetic activity with high quality and extraordinary stability. Recently, copper-based MOFs (Cu-MOFs) have been extensively used in various applications especially environmental remediation processes, for the separation of toxic substances from both gas and aqueous phase, sensors, killing or inhibiting bacteria, medical, and energy. In this book chapter, we focus on the synthesis of Cu-MOFs and their application mainly in environments. Finally, we discuss electrochemical and calorimetric sensors for the detection of environmental pollutants and prospects.