Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries of the Neotropics during breeding and non-breeding seasons

Lucas M. Leveau; Mariana Lucia Bocelli; Sergio Gabriel Quesada-Acuña; César González-Lagos; Pablo Gutiérrez Tapia; Gabriela Franzoi Dri; Carlos A.V. Delgado; Álvaro Garitano-Zavala; Jackeline Campos; Yanina Benedetti; Rubén Ortega-Álvarez; Antonio Isain Contreras Rodríguez; Daniela Souza López; Carla Suertegaray Fontana; Thaiane Weinert da Silva; Sarah Sandri Zalewski Vargas; María Cecília Barbosa Toledo; Juan Andres Sarquis; Alejandro Giraudo; Ada Lilian Echevarria; María Elisa Fanjul; Maria Valeria Martínez; Josefina Haedo; Luis Gonzalo Cano Sanz; Yuri Peña; Viviana Fernandez; Verónica Marinero; Vinícius Abilhoa; Rafael Amorin; Juan Fernando Escobar Ibáñez; María Dolores Juri; Sergio Camín; Luis Marone; Augusto João Piratelli; Alexandre Gabriel Franchin; Larissa Crispim; Federico Morelli

doi:10.7717/peerj.14496

Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries of the Neotropics during breeding and non-breeding seasons

Lucas M. Leveau, Mariana Lucia Bocelli, Sergio Gabriel Quesada-Acuña, César González-Lagos, Pablo Gutiérrez Tapia, Gabriela Franzoi Dri, Carlos A.V. Delgado, Álvaro Garitano-Zavala, Jackeline Campos, Yanina Benedetti, Rubén Ortega-Álvarez, Antonio Isain Contreras Rodríguez, Daniela Souza López, Carla Suertegaray Fontana, Thaiane Weinert da Silva, Sarah Sandri Zalewski Vargas, María Cecília Barbosa Toledo, Juan Andres Sarquis, Alejandro Giraudo, Ada Lilian EchevarriaMaría Elisa Fanjul, Maria Valeria Martínez, Josefina Haedo, Luis Gonzalo Cano Sanz, Yuri Peña, Viviana Fernandez, Verónica Marinero, Vinícius Abilhoa, Rafael Amorin, Juan Fernando Escobar Ibáñez, María Dolores Juri, Sergio Camín, Luis Marone, Augusto João Piratelli, Alexandre Gabriel Franchin, Larissa Crispim, Federico Morelli

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Urbanization will increase in the next decades, causing the loss of green areas and bird diversity within cities. There is a lack of studies at a continental scale analyzing the relationship between urban green areas, such as parks and cemeteries, and bird species richness in the Neotropical region. Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries may be influenced by latitudinal gradients or species-area relationships. However, the seasonal variation of species diversity- environment has not been analyzed at a continental scale in the Neotropics. Methods: Bird surveys were conducted in 36 cemeteries and 37 parks within 18 Neotropical cities during non-breeding and breeding seasons. Bird diversity was assessed through Hill numbers, focusing on species richness, the effective number of species derived from Shannon index and the Simpson index. Environmental variables included latitude, altitude, and local scale variables such as area size, habitat diversity and pedestrian traffic. Results: Species richness and Shannon diversity were higher during the breeding season, whereas Simpson diversity did not vary between seasons. During both seasons, species richness increased with area size, was negatively related to altitude, and was the highest at 20^° latitude. Species richness was also positively related to habitat diversity, pedestrian traffic, and was highest in suburban areas during the non-breeding season. Shannon and Simpson diversity showed significant relationships with habitat diversity and area size during the breeding season. Bird diversity was similar between parks and cemeteries. Discussion: Our results showed that urban parks and cemeteries have similar roles in conserving urban bird diversity in Neotropical cities. However, species diversity-environment relations at the continental scale varied between seasons, highlighting the importance of conducting annual studies.

Original language	English
Article number	e14496
Journal	PeerJ
Volume	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14496
State	Published - Dec 2022
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Habitat heterogeneity
Latin America
Macroecology
Seasonality
Species-area relationships
Taxonomic diversity
Urbanization

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10.7717/peerj.14496

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Leveau, L. M., Bocelli, M. L., Quesada-Acuña, S. G., González-Lagos, C., Tapia, P. G., Dri, G. F., Delgado, C. A. V., Garitano-Zavala, Á., Campos, J., Benedetti, Y., Ortega-Álvarez, R., Rodríguez, A. I. C., López, D. S., Fontana, C. S., da Silva, T. W., Vargas, S. S. Z., Toledo, M. C. B., Sarquis, J. A., Giraudo, A., ... Morelli, F. (2022). Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries of the Neotropics during breeding and non-breeding seasons. PeerJ, 10, Article e14496. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14496

@article{d4c238143c09451cac358ed5f3903bac,

title = "Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries of the Neotropics during breeding and non-breeding seasons",

abstract = "Background: Urbanization will increase in the next decades, causing the loss of green areas and bird diversity within cities. There is a lack of studies at a continental scale analyzing the relationship between urban green areas, such as parks and cemeteries, and bird species richness in the Neotropical region. Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries may be influenced by latitudinal gradients or species-area relationships. However, the seasonal variation of species diversity- environment has not been analyzed at a continental scale in the Neotropics. Methods: Bird surveys were conducted in 36 cemeteries and 37 parks within 18 Neotropical cities during non-breeding and breeding seasons. Bird diversity was assessed through Hill numbers, focusing on species richness, the effective number of species derived from Shannon index and the Simpson index. Environmental variables included latitude, altitude, and local scale variables such as area size, habitat diversity and pedestrian traffic. Results: Species richness and Shannon diversity were higher during the breeding season, whereas Simpson diversity did not vary between seasons. During both seasons, species richness increased with area size, was negatively related to altitude, and was the highest at 20° latitude. Species richness was also positively related to habitat diversity, pedestrian traffic, and was highest in suburban areas during the non-breeding season. Shannon and Simpson diversity showed significant relationships with habitat diversity and area size during the breeding season. Bird diversity was similar between parks and cemeteries. Discussion: Our results showed that urban parks and cemeteries have similar roles in conserving urban bird diversity in Neotropical cities. However, species diversity-environment relations at the continental scale varied between seasons, highlighting the importance of conducting annual studies.",

keywords = "Habitat heterogeneity, Latin America, Macroecology, Seasonality, Species-area relationships, Taxonomic diversity, Urbanization",

author = "Leveau, {Lucas M.} and Bocelli, {Mariana Lucia} and Quesada-Acu{\~n}a, {Sergio Gabriel} and C{\'e}sar Gonz{\'a}lez-Lagos and Tapia, {Pablo Guti{\'e}rrez} and Dri, {Gabriela Franzoi} and Delgado, {Carlos A.V.} and {\'A}lvaro Garitano-Zavala and Jackeline Campos and Yanina Benedetti and Rub{\'e}n Ortega-{\'A}lvarez and Rodr{\'i}guez, {Antonio Isain Contreras} and L{\'o}pez, {Daniela Souza} and Fontana, {Carla Suertegaray} and {da Silva}, {Thaiane Weinert} and Vargas, {Sarah Sandri Zalewski} and Toledo, {Mar{\'i}a Cec{\'i}lia Barbosa} and Sarquis, {Juan Andres} and Alejandro Giraudo and Echevarria, {Ada Lilian} and Fanjul, {Mar{\'i}a Elisa} and Mart{\'i}nez, {Maria Valeria} and Josefina Haedo and Sanz, {Luis Gonzalo Cano} and Yuri Pe{\~n}a and Viviana Fernandez and Ver{\'o}nica Marinero and Vin{\'i}cius Abilhoa and Rafael Amorin and Ib{\'a}{\~n}ez, {Juan Fernando Escobar} and Juri, {Mar{\'i}a Dolores} and Sergio Cam{\'i}n and Luis Marone and Piratelli, {Augusto Jo{\~a}o} and Franchin, {Alexandre Gabriel} and Larissa Crispim and Federico Morelli",

year = "2022",

month = dec,

doi = "10.7717/peerj.14496",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

journal = "PeerJ",

issn = "2167-8359",

publisher = "PeerJ Inc.",

}

Leveau, LM, Bocelli, ML, Quesada-Acuña, SG, González-Lagos, C, Tapia, PG, Dri, GF, Delgado, CAV, Garitano-Zavala, Á, Campos, J, Benedetti, Y, Ortega-Álvarez, R, Rodríguez, AIC, López, DS, Fontana, CS, da Silva, TW, Vargas, SSZ, Toledo, MCB, Sarquis, JA, Giraudo, A, Echevarria, AL, Fanjul, ME, Martínez, MV, Haedo, J, Sanz, LGC, Peña, Y, Fernandez, V, Marinero, V, Abilhoa, V, Amorin, R, Ibáñez, JFE, Juri, MD, Camín, S, Marone, L, Piratelli, AJ, Franchin, AG, Crispim, L & Morelli, F 2022, 'Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries of the Neotropics during breeding and non-breeding seasons', PeerJ, vol. 10, e14496. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14496

TY - JOUR

T1 - Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries of the Neotropics during breeding and non-breeding seasons

AU - Leveau, Lucas M.

AU - Bocelli, Mariana Lucia

AU - Quesada-Acuña, Sergio Gabriel

AU - González-Lagos, César

AU - Tapia, Pablo Gutiérrez

AU - Dri, Gabriela Franzoi

AU - Delgado, Carlos A.V.

AU - Garitano-Zavala, Álvaro

AU - Campos, Jackeline

AU - Benedetti, Yanina

AU - Ortega-Álvarez, Rubén

AU - Rodríguez, Antonio Isain Contreras

AU - López, Daniela Souza

AU - Fontana, Carla Suertegaray

AU - da Silva, Thaiane Weinert

AU - Vargas, Sarah Sandri Zalewski

AU - Toledo, María Cecília Barbosa

AU - Sarquis, Juan Andres

AU - Giraudo, Alejandro

AU - Echevarria, Ada Lilian

AU - Fanjul, María Elisa

AU - Martínez, Maria Valeria

AU - Haedo, Josefina

AU - Sanz, Luis Gonzalo Cano

AU - Peña, Yuri

AU - Fernandez, Viviana

AU - Marinero, Verónica

AU - Abilhoa, Vinícius

AU - Amorin, Rafael

AU - Ibáñez, Juan Fernando Escobar

AU - Juri, María Dolores

AU - Camín, Sergio

AU - Marone, Luis

AU - Piratelli, Augusto João

AU - Franchin, Alexandre Gabriel

AU - Crispim, Larissa

AU - Morelli, Federico

PY - 2022/12

Y1 - 2022/12

N2 - Background: Urbanization will increase in the next decades, causing the loss of green areas and bird diversity within cities. There is a lack of studies at a continental scale analyzing the relationship between urban green areas, such as parks and cemeteries, and bird species richness in the Neotropical region. Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries may be influenced by latitudinal gradients or species-area relationships. However, the seasonal variation of species diversity- environment has not been analyzed at a continental scale in the Neotropics. Methods: Bird surveys were conducted in 36 cemeteries and 37 parks within 18 Neotropical cities during non-breeding and breeding seasons. Bird diversity was assessed through Hill numbers, focusing on species richness, the effective number of species derived from Shannon index and the Simpson index. Environmental variables included latitude, altitude, and local scale variables such as area size, habitat diversity and pedestrian traffic. Results: Species richness and Shannon diversity were higher during the breeding season, whereas Simpson diversity did not vary between seasons. During both seasons, species richness increased with area size, was negatively related to altitude, and was the highest at 20° latitude. Species richness was also positively related to habitat diversity, pedestrian traffic, and was highest in suburban areas during the non-breeding season. Shannon and Simpson diversity showed significant relationships with habitat diversity and area size during the breeding season. Bird diversity was similar between parks and cemeteries. Discussion: Our results showed that urban parks and cemeteries have similar roles in conserving urban bird diversity in Neotropical cities. However, species diversity-environment relations at the continental scale varied between seasons, highlighting the importance of conducting annual studies.

AB - Background: Urbanization will increase in the next decades, causing the loss of green areas and bird diversity within cities. There is a lack of studies at a continental scale analyzing the relationship between urban green areas, such as parks and cemeteries, and bird species richness in the Neotropical region. Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries may be influenced by latitudinal gradients or species-area relationships. However, the seasonal variation of species diversity- environment has not been analyzed at a continental scale in the Neotropics. Methods: Bird surveys were conducted in 36 cemeteries and 37 parks within 18 Neotropical cities during non-breeding and breeding seasons. Bird diversity was assessed through Hill numbers, focusing on species richness, the effective number of species derived from Shannon index and the Simpson index. Environmental variables included latitude, altitude, and local scale variables such as area size, habitat diversity and pedestrian traffic. Results: Species richness and Shannon diversity were higher during the breeding season, whereas Simpson diversity did not vary between seasons. During both seasons, species richness increased with area size, was negatively related to altitude, and was the highest at 20° latitude. Species richness was also positively related to habitat diversity, pedestrian traffic, and was highest in suburban areas during the non-breeding season. Shannon and Simpson diversity showed significant relationships with habitat diversity and area size during the breeding season. Bird diversity was similar between parks and cemeteries. Discussion: Our results showed that urban parks and cemeteries have similar roles in conserving urban bird diversity in Neotropical cities. However, species diversity-environment relations at the continental scale varied between seasons, highlighting the importance of conducting annual studies.

KW - Habitat heterogeneity

KW - Latin America

KW - Macroecology

KW - Seasonality

KW - Species-area relationships

KW - Taxonomic diversity

KW - Urbanization

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85145345935&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.7717/peerj.14496

DO - 10.7717/peerj.14496

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85145345935

SN - 2167-8359

VL - 10

JO - PeerJ

JF - PeerJ

M1 - e14496

ER -

Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries of the Neotropics during breeding and non-breeding seasons

Abstract

Keywords

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