A transiting giant planet in orbit around a 0.2-solar-mass host star

Edward M. Bryant; Andrés Jordán; Joel D. Hartman; Daniel Bayliss; Elyar Sedaghati; Khalid Barkaoui; Jamila Chouqar; Francisco J. Pozuelos; Daniel P. Thorngren; Mathilde Timmermans; Jose Manuel Almenara; Igor V. Chilingarian; Karen A. Collins; Tianjun Gan; Steve B. Howell; Norio Narita; Enric Palle; Benjamin V. Rackham; Amaury H.M.J. Triaud; Gaspar Bakos; Rafael Brahm; Melissa J. Hobson; Vincent Van Eylen; Pedro J. Amado; Luc Arnold; Xavier Bonfils; Artem Burdanov; Charles Cadieux; Douglas A. Caldwell; Victor Casanova; David Charbonneau; Catherine A. Clark; Kevin I. Collins; Tansu Daylan; Georgina Dransfield; Brice Olivier Demory; Elsa Ducrot; Gareb Fernández-Rodríguez; Izuru Fukuda; Akihiko Fukui; Michaël Gillon; Rebecca Gore; Matthew J. Hooton; Kai Ikuta; Emmanuel Jehin; Jon M. Jenkins; Alan M. Levine; Colin Littlefield; Felipe Murgas; Kendra Nguyen; Hannu Parviainen; Didier Queloz; S. Seager; Daniel Sebastian; Gregor Srdoc; R. Vanderspek; Joshua N. Winn; Julien de Wit; Sebastián Zúñiga-Fernández

doi:10.1038/s41550-025-02552-4

A transiting giant planet in orbit around a 0.2-solar-mass host star

Edward M. Bryant, Andrés Jordán, Joel D. Hartman, Daniel Bayliss, Elyar Sedaghati, Khalid Barkaoui, Jamila Chouqar, Francisco J. Pozuelos, Daniel P. Thorngren, Mathilde Timmermans, Jose Manuel Almenara, Igor V. Chilingarian, Karen A. Collins, Tianjun Gan, Steve B. Howell, Norio Narita, Enric Palle, Benjamin V. Rackham, Amaury H.M.J. Triaud, Gaspar BakosRafael Brahm, Melissa J. Hobson, Vincent Van Eylen, Pedro J. Amado, Luc Arnold, Xavier Bonfils, Artem Burdanov, Charles Cadieux, Douglas A. Caldwell, Victor Casanova, David Charbonneau, Catherine A. Clark, Kevin I. Collins, Tansu Daylan, Georgina Dransfield, Brice Olivier Demory, Elsa Ducrot, Gareb Fernández-Rodríguez, Izuru Fukuda, Akihiko Fukui, Michaël Gillon, Rebecca Gore, Matthew J. Hooton, Kai Ikuta, Emmanuel Jehin, Jon M. Jenkins, Alan M. Levine, Colin Littlefield, Felipe Murgas, Kendra Nguyen, Hannu Parviainen, Didier Queloz, S. Seager, Daniel Sebastian, Gregor Srdoc, R. Vanderspek, Joshua N. Winn, Julien de Wit, Sebastián Zúñiga-Fernández

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Planet formation models indicate that the formation of giant planets is substantially harder around low-mass stars due to the scaling of protoplanetary disc masses with stellar mass. The discovery of giant planets orbiting such low-mass stars thus imposes strong constraints on giant planet formation processes. Here we report the discovery of a transiting giant planet orbiting a 0.207 ± 0.011 M_⊙ star. The planet, TOI-6894 b, has a mass and radius of M_P = 0.168 ± 0.022 M_J (53.4 ± 7.1 M_⊕) and R_P = 0.855 ± 0.022 R_J and probably includes 12 ± 2 M_⊕ of metals. The discovery of TOI-6894 b highlights the need for a better understanding of giant planet formation mechanisms and the protoplanetary disc environments in which they occur. The extremely deep transits (17% depth) make TOI-6894 b one of the most accessible exoplanetary giants for atmospheric characterization observations, which will be key for fully interpreting the formation history of this notable system and for the study of atmospheric methane chemistry.

Original language	English
Journal	Nature Astronomy
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-025-02552-4
State	Accepted/In press - 2025
Externally published	Yes

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Bryant, E. M., Jordán, A., Hartman, J. D., Bayliss, D., Sedaghati, E., Barkaoui, K., Chouqar, J., Pozuelos, F. J., Thorngren, D. P., Timmermans, M., Almenara, J. M., Chilingarian, I. V., Collins, K. A., Gan, T., Howell, S. B., Narita, N., Palle, E., Rackham, B. V., Triaud, A. H. M. J., ... Zúñiga-Fernández, S. (Accepted/In press). A transiting giant planet in orbit around a 0.2-solar-mass host star. Nature Astronomy. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-025-02552-4

@article{5ebea1093b2747e0af3196dc6de19228,

title = "A transiting giant planet in orbit around a 0.2-solar-mass host star",

abstract = "Planet formation models indicate that the formation of giant planets is substantially harder around low-mass stars due to the scaling of protoplanetary disc masses with stellar mass. The discovery of giant planets orbiting such low-mass stars thus imposes strong constraints on giant planet formation processes. Here we report the discovery of a transiting giant planet orbiting a 0.207 ± 0.011 M⊙ star. The planet, TOI-6894 b, has a mass and radius of MP = 0.168 ± 0.022 MJ (53.4 ± 7.1 M⊕) and RP = 0.855 ± 0.022 RJ and probably includes 12 ± 2 M⊕ of metals. The discovery of TOI-6894 b highlights the need for a better understanding of giant planet formation mechanisms and the protoplanetary disc environments in which they occur. The extremely deep transits (17\% depth) make TOI-6894 b one of the most accessible exoplanetary giants for atmospheric characterization observations, which will be key for fully interpreting the formation history of this notable system and for the study of atmospheric methane chemistry.",

author = "Bryant, \{Edward M.\} and Andr{\'e}s Jord{\'a}n and Hartman, \{Joel D.\} and Daniel Bayliss and Elyar Sedaghati and Khalid Barkaoui and Jamila Chouqar and Pozuelos, \{Francisco J.\} and Thorngren, \{Daniel P.\} and Mathilde Timmermans and Almenara, \{Jose Manuel\} and Chilingarian, \{Igor V.\} and Collins, \{Karen A.\} and Tianjun Gan and Howell, \{Steve B.\} and Norio Narita and Enric Palle and Rackham, \{Benjamin V.\} and Triaud, \{Amaury H.M.J.\} and Gaspar Bakos and Rafael Brahm and Hobson, \{Melissa J.\} and \{Van Eylen\}, Vincent and Amado, \{Pedro J.\} and Luc Arnold and Xavier Bonfils and Artem Burdanov and Charles Cadieux and Caldwell, \{Douglas A.\} and Victor Casanova and David Charbonneau and Clark, \{Catherine A.\} and Collins, \{Kevin I.\} and Tansu Daylan and Georgina Dransfield and Demory, \{Brice Olivier\} and Elsa Ducrot and Gareb Fern{\'a}ndez-Rodr{\'i}guez and Izuru Fukuda and Akihiko Fukui and Micha{\"e}l Gillon and Rebecca Gore and Hooton, \{Matthew J.\} and Kai Ikuta and Emmanuel Jehin and Jenkins, \{Jon M.\} and Levine, \{Alan M.\} and Colin Littlefield and Felipe Murgas and Kendra Nguyen and Hannu Parviainen and Didier Queloz and S. Seager and Daniel Sebastian and Gregor Srdoc and R. Vanderspek and Winn, \{Joshua N.\} and \{de Wit\}, Julien and Sebasti{\'a}n Z{\'u}{\~n}iga-Fern{\'a}ndez",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2025.",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1038/s41550-025-02552-4",

language = "English",

journal = "Nature Astronomy",

issn = "2397-3366",

publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",

}

Bryant, EM, Jordán, A, Hartman, JD, Bayliss, D, Sedaghati, E, Barkaoui, K, Chouqar, J, Pozuelos, FJ, Thorngren, DP, Timmermans, M, Almenara, JM, Chilingarian, IV, Collins, KA, Gan, T, Howell, SB, Narita, N, Palle, E, Rackham, BV, Triaud, AHMJ, Bakos, G, Brahm, R, Hobson, MJ, Van Eylen, V, Amado, PJ, Arnold, L, Bonfils, X, Burdanov, A, Cadieux, C, Caldwell, DA, Casanova, V, Charbonneau, D, Clark, CA, Collins, KI, Daylan, T, Dransfield, G, Demory, BO, Ducrot, E, Fernández-Rodríguez, G, Fukuda, I, Fukui, A, Gillon, M, Gore, R, Hooton, MJ, Ikuta, K, Jehin, E, Jenkins, JM, Levine, AM, Littlefield, C, Murgas, F, Nguyen, K, Parviainen, H, Queloz, D, Seager, S, Sebastian, D, Srdoc, G, Vanderspek, R, Winn, JN, de Wit, J & Zúñiga-Fernández, S 2025, 'A transiting giant planet in orbit around a 0.2-solar-mass host star', Nature Astronomy. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-025-02552-4

TY - JOUR

T1 - A transiting giant planet in orbit around a 0.2-solar-mass host star

AU - Bryant, Edward M.

AU - Jordán, Andrés

AU - Hartman, Joel D.

AU - Bayliss, Daniel

AU - Sedaghati, Elyar

AU - Barkaoui, Khalid

AU - Chouqar, Jamila

AU - Pozuelos, Francisco J.

AU - Thorngren, Daniel P.

AU - Timmermans, Mathilde

AU - Almenara, Jose Manuel

AU - Chilingarian, Igor V.

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Gan, Tianjun

AU - Howell, Steve B.

AU - Narita, Norio

AU - Palle, Enric

AU - Rackham, Benjamin V.

AU - Triaud, Amaury H.M.J.

AU - Bakos, Gaspar

AU - Brahm, Rafael

AU - Hobson, Melissa J.

AU - Van Eylen, Vincent

AU - Amado, Pedro J.

AU - Arnold, Luc

AU - Bonfils, Xavier

AU - Burdanov, Artem

AU - Cadieux, Charles

AU - Caldwell, Douglas A.

AU - Casanova, Victor

AU - Charbonneau, David

AU - Clark, Catherine A.

AU - Collins, Kevin I.

AU - Daylan, Tansu

AU - Dransfield, Georgina

AU - Demory, Brice Olivier

AU - Ducrot, Elsa

AU - Fernández-Rodríguez, Gareb

AU - Fukuda, Izuru

AU - Fukui, Akihiko

AU - Gillon, Michaël

AU - Gore, Rebecca

AU - Hooton, Matthew J.

AU - Ikuta, Kai

AU - Jehin, Emmanuel

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Levine, Alan M.

AU - Littlefield, Colin

AU - Murgas, Felipe

AU - Nguyen, Kendra

AU - Parviainen, Hannu

AU - Queloz, Didier

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Sebastian, Daniel

AU - Srdoc, Gregor

AU - Vanderspek, R.

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

AU - de Wit, Julien

AU - Zúñiga-Fernández, Sebastián

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Planet formation models indicate that the formation of giant planets is substantially harder around low-mass stars due to the scaling of protoplanetary disc masses with stellar mass. The discovery of giant planets orbiting such low-mass stars thus imposes strong constraints on giant planet formation processes. Here we report the discovery of a transiting giant planet orbiting a 0.207 ± 0.011 M⊙ star. The planet, TOI-6894 b, has a mass and radius of MP = 0.168 ± 0.022 MJ (53.4 ± 7.1 M⊕) and RP = 0.855 ± 0.022 RJ and probably includes 12 ± 2 M⊕ of metals. The discovery of TOI-6894 b highlights the need for a better understanding of giant planet formation mechanisms and the protoplanetary disc environments in which they occur. The extremely deep transits (17% depth) make TOI-6894 b one of the most accessible exoplanetary giants for atmospheric characterization observations, which will be key for fully interpreting the formation history of this notable system and for the study of atmospheric methane chemistry.

AB - Planet formation models indicate that the formation of giant planets is substantially harder around low-mass stars due to the scaling of protoplanetary disc masses with stellar mass. The discovery of giant planets orbiting such low-mass stars thus imposes strong constraints on giant planet formation processes. Here we report the discovery of a transiting giant planet orbiting a 0.207 ± 0.011 M⊙ star. The planet, TOI-6894 b, has a mass and radius of MP = 0.168 ± 0.022 MJ (53.4 ± 7.1 M⊕) and RP = 0.855 ± 0.022 RJ and probably includes 12 ± 2 M⊕ of metals. The discovery of TOI-6894 b highlights the need for a better understanding of giant planet formation mechanisms and the protoplanetary disc environments in which they occur. The extremely deep transits (17% depth) make TOI-6894 b one of the most accessible exoplanetary giants for atmospheric characterization observations, which will be key for fully interpreting the formation history of this notable system and for the study of atmospheric methane chemistry.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105007234024&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1038/s41550-025-02552-4

DO - 10.1038/s41550-025-02552-4

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105007234024

SN - 2397-3366

JO - Nature Astronomy

JF - Nature Astronomy

ER -

A transiting giant planet in orbit around a 0.2-solar-mass host star

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