TY - JOUR
T1 - A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials
AU - Prado-Gutiérrez, Pavel
AU - Otero, Mónica
AU - Martínez-Montes, Eduardo
AU - Weinstein, Alejandro
AU - Escobar, María José
AU - El-Deredy, Wael
AU - Zañartu, Matías
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
PY - 2019/5
Y1 - 2019/5
N2 - Neural entrainment refers to the synchronization of neural activity to the periodicity of sensory stimuli. This synchronization defines the generation of steady-state evoked responses (i.e., oscillations in the electroencephalogram phase-locked to the driving stimuli). The classic interpretation of the amplitude of the steady-state evoked responses assumes a stereotypical time-invariant neural response plus random background fluctuations, such that averaging over repeated presentations of the stimulus recovers the stereotypical response. This approach ignores the dynamics of the steady-state, as in the case of the adaptation elicited by prolonged exposures to the stimulus. To analyze the dynamics of steady-state responses, it can be assumed that the time evolution of the response amplitude is the same in different stimulation runs separated by sufficiently long breaks. Based on this assumption, a method to characterize the time evolution of steady-state responses is presented. A sufficiently large number of recordings are acquired in response to the same experimental condition. Experimental runs (recordings) are column-wise averaged (i.e., runs are averaged but epoch within recordings are not averaged with the preceding segments). The column-wise averaging allows analysis of steady-state responses in recordings with remarkably high signal-to-noise ratios. Therefore, the averaged signal provides an accurate representation of the time evolution of the steady-state response, which can be analyzed in both the time and frequency domains. In this study, a detailed description of the method is provided, using steady-state visually evoked potentials as an example of a response. Advantages and caveats are evaluated based on a comparison with single-trial methods designed to analyze neural entrainment.
AB - Neural entrainment refers to the synchronization of neural activity to the periodicity of sensory stimuli. This synchronization defines the generation of steady-state evoked responses (i.e., oscillations in the electroencephalogram phase-locked to the driving stimuli). The classic interpretation of the amplitude of the steady-state evoked responses assumes a stereotypical time-invariant neural response plus random background fluctuations, such that averaging over repeated presentations of the stimulus recovers the stereotypical response. This approach ignores the dynamics of the steady-state, as in the case of the adaptation elicited by prolonged exposures to the stimulus. To analyze the dynamics of steady-state responses, it can be assumed that the time evolution of the response amplitude is the same in different stimulation runs separated by sufficiently long breaks. Based on this assumption, a method to characterize the time evolution of steady-state responses is presented. A sufficiently large number of recordings are acquired in response to the same experimental condition. Experimental runs (recordings) are column-wise averaged (i.e., runs are averaged but epoch within recordings are not averaged with the preceding segments). The column-wise averaging allows analysis of steady-state responses in recordings with remarkably high signal-to-noise ratios. Therefore, the averaged signal provides an accurate representation of the time evolution of the steady-state response, which can be analyzed in both the time and frequency domains. In this study, a detailed description of the method is provided, using steady-state visually evoked potentials as an example of a response. Advantages and caveats are evaluated based on a comparison with single-trial methods designed to analyze neural entrainment.
KW - Issue 147
KW - Neuroscience
KW - adaptation
KW - auditory steady-state responses
KW - averaging method
KW - entrainment
KW - habituation
KW - neural dynamics
KW - noise cancelation
KW - steady-state-visually evoked potentials
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85067542383&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3791/59898
DO - 10.3791/59898
M3 - Article
C2 - 31180347
AN - SCOPUS:85067542383
SN - 1940-087X
VL - 2019
JO - Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
JF - Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
IS - 147
M1 - e59898
ER -