A core avenue for transcultural research on dementia: on the cross-linguistic generalization of language-related effects in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease

Noelia Calvo, Agustín Ibáñez, Edinson Muñoz, Adolfo M. García

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: Language is a key source of cross-cultural variability, which may have both subtle and major effects on neurocognition. However, this issue has been largely overlooked in two flourishing lines of research assessing the relationship between language-related neural systems and dementia. This paper assesses the limitations of the evidence on (i) the neuroprotective effects of bilingualism in Alzheimer's disease and (ii) specific language deficits as markers of Parkinson's disease. Design: First, we outline the rationale behind each line of research. Second, we review available evidence and discuss the potential impact of cross-linguistic factors. Third, we outline ideas to foster progress in both fields and, with it, in cross-cultural neuroscience at large. Results: On the one hand, studies on bilingualism suggest that sustained use of more than one language may protect against Alzheimer's disease symptoms. On the other hand, insights from the embodied cognition framework point to syntactic and action-verb deficits as early (and even preclinical) markers of Parkinson's disease. However, both fields share a key limitation that lies at the heart of cultural neuroscience: the issue of cross-linguistic generalizability. Conclusion: Relevant evidence for both research trends comes from only a handful of (mostly Indo-European) languages, which are far from capturing the full scope of structural and typological diversity of the linguistic landscape worldwide. This raises questions on the external validity of reported findings. Greater collaboration between linguistic typology and cognitive neuroscience seems crucial as a first step to assess the impact of transcultural differences on language-related effects across neurodegenerative diseases.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)814-823
Number of pages10
JournalInternational Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
Volume33
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2018

Keywords

  • Alzheimer's disease
  • Parkinson's disease
  • bilingualism
  • cross-cultural neuroscience
  • cross-linguistic generalization
  • embodied cognition

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'A core avenue for transcultural research on dementia: on the cross-linguistic generalization of language-related effects in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this